On 22 October 2014 Wrocław made headlines in all the news and the most important magazines in the world. They reported that doctors from the Department of Neurosurgery of the University Hospital in Wrocław managed to reconstruct an injured spinal cord for the first time in the world and the patient –Dariusz Fidyka – is already taking his first steps. The success of the team of neurosurgeons and scientists from the PAN Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy was that they managed after years of attempts and theoretical preparations (in cooperation with Professor Geoffrey Raisman from the University of London) to transplant glial cells collected from the olfactory bulb of the patient’s brain into the injured spinal cord. Fragments of peripheral nerves were used as bridges connecting the cut, thanks to which spinal nerve fibers were regenerated. Even though it is only the beginning, the Wrocław experiment gives hope to many patients with spinal cord injuries.